ABSTRACT

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in adolescent patients with depression.
Methods A retrospective selection was made of 300 adolescent patients with depression admitted to our hospital from January 2024 to January 2025. The Cognitive function of all subjects was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA). Based on a MoCA score of 26, 300 patients were divided into the cognitive impairment group (< 26 points, 74 cases) and the normal cognitive group (≥26 points, 226 cases).Collect the patients' age, Body Mass Index (BMI), gender, educational level, smoking, drinking, and 17-item version of the Hamilton Depression Scale (Hamilton Depression Scale-17) HAMD-17 score, degree of depression, Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) score, serum Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor The levels of BDNF and Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM).Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors for cognitive impairment in adolescent patients with depression.
Results Univariate analysis showed that compared with the normal cognition group, the proportion of moderate or severe alcohol consumption and depression in the cognitive impairment group was higher, and the HAMD-17 score was higher, while the SSRS score, BDNF, and NCAM levels were lower (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in data such as age, BMI, gender, educational level and smoking between the two groups (P > 0.05).Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that for adolescent patients with depression, alcohol consumption, HAMD-17 score, degree of depression, SSRS score, BDNF, and NCAM were independent risk factors for cognitive impairment (P < 0.05).
Conclusion   Cognitive impairment in adolescents with depression is related to alcohol consumption, the degree of depression, the level of social support, and indicators reflecting neurotrophic and neurodevelopmental damage, such as serum BDNF and NCAM. These factors should be closely monitored clinically.

Key words: 【Key words】 Adolescents; Depression; Cognitive Impairment; Risk Factors